온라인 UPS의 작동 원리

13,Mar,2026

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  • 온라인 UPS가 정상적으로 전력망에 의해 구동되는 경우 그리드의 전압 입력은 노이즈 필터에 의해 필터링되어 그리드의 고주파 간섭을 제거하고 순수한 AC 전원을 얻을 수 있습니다. 정류 및 필터링을 위해 정류기에 들어가고 AC 전원을 부드러운 DC 전원으로 변환하여 두 경로로 나눕니다. 한 경로는 배터리를 충전하기 위해 충전기로 들어가고 다른 경로는 인버터를 공급합니다. 그러나 인버터는 부하가 사용할 수 있도록 DC 전원을 220V, 50Hz AC 전원으로
     When the mains power is interrupted, the input of AC power has been cut off and the rectifier is no longer working. At this time, the battery discharges and delivers energy to the inverter, which then converts DC power into AC power for use by the load. So, for the load, although the mains power no longer exists, the load has not stopped due to the interruption of mains power and can still operate normally.The working principle of backup UPS is that when the power supply of the grid is normal, one line of mains power charges the battery through a rectifier, while the other line of mains power is initially stabilized by an automatic voltage regulator, absorbs some of the grid interference, and then directly supplies power to the load through a bypass switch. At this point, the battery is in a charging state until it is fully charged and enters a float charging state. UPS is equivalent to a regulator with poor voltage regulation performance, which only improves the amplitude fluctuation of the mains voltage and does not make any adjustments to the "electrical pollution" such as frequency instability and waveform distortion that occur on the power grid. When the voltage or frequency of the power grid exceeds the input range of the UPS, that is, under abnormal circumstances, the input of AC power has been cut off, the charger stops working, the battery discharges, and the inverter starts working under the control of the control circuit, causing the inverter to generate 220V, 50Hz AC power. At this time, the UPS power supply system switches to the inverter to continue supplying power to the load. The inverter of the backup UPS is always in a backup power supply state.

온라인 인터리빙 UPS의 작동 원리는 주 전원이 정상일 때 주 전원에서 부하에 직접 전원을 공급하는 것입니다. 주 전원이 낮거나 높을 때 UPS 내부 안정화 회로 및 출력에 의해 안정화됩니다. 주 전원이 비정상적이거나 전원이 차단되면 변환 스위치를 통해 배터리 인버터 전원 공급 장치로 변환됩니다.
 그 특징은 넓은 입력 전압 범위, 낮은 소음, 작은 크기 등이지만 전환 시간도 있습니다. 그러나 이 모델은 일반 백업 UPS에 비해 보호 기능이 강하며 인버터 출력 전압 파형이 더 우수합니다. 일반적으로 사인파입니다.

온라인 UPS의 작동 원리

온라인 UPS가 정상적으로 전력망에 의해 구동되는 경우 그리드의 전압 입력은 노이즈 필터에 의해 필터링되어 그리드의 고주파 간섭을 제거하고 순수한 AC 전원을 얻을 수 있습니다. 정류 및 필터링을 위해 정류기에 들어가 AC 전원을 부드러운 DC 전원으로 변환한 다음 두 경로로 나뉩니다. 한 경로는 배터리를 충전하기 위해 충전기로 들어가고 다른 경로는 인버터를 공급합니다. 그러나 인버터는 부하가 사용할 수 있도록 DC 전원을 220V, 50Hz AC 전원으로 변환합니다. 주 전원이 중단되면 AC 전원의 입력이 차단되고 정류기가 더 이상 작동하지 않습니다. 이때 배터리가 방출되어 인버터로 에너지를 전달한 다음 부하에 따라서 부하의 경우 주 전원이 더 이상 존재하지 않지만 주 전원 중단으로 인해 부하가 중지되지 않고 여전히 정상적으로 작동할 수 있습니다.

백업 UPS의 작동 원리는 그리드의 전원 공급 장치가 정상일 때 주 전원 한 라인이 정류기를 통해 배터리를 충전하는 반면 다른 주 전원 라인은 처음에는 자동 전압 레귤레이터에 의해 안정화되어 그리드 간섭의 일부를 흡수하고 바이패스 스위치를 통해 부하에 직접 전원을 공급하는 것입니다. 이 시점에서 배터리는 완전히 충전되어 부동 충전 상태에 들어갈 때까지 충전 상태에 있습니다. UPS는 전압 조절 성능이 좋지 않은 레귤레이터와 동등하여 주 전압의 진폭 변동만 개선하고 전력망에서 발생하는 주파수 불안정성 및 파형 왜곡과 같은 "전기 오염"을 조정하지 않습니다. 전력망의 전압 또는 주파수가 UPS의 입력 범위를 초과하면, 즉 비정상적인 상황에서 AC 전원의 입력이 차단되고 충전기가 작동을 멈추고 배터리가 방전되며 인버터가 제어 회로의 제어 하에 작동하기 시작하여 인버터가 220V, 50Hz AC 전원을 생성합니다. 이때 UPS 전원 공급 시스템이 인버터로 전환되어 부하에 계속 전원을 공급합니다. 백업 UPS의 인버터는 항상 백업 전원 공급 상태에 있습니다.

온라인 인터리빙 UPS의 작동 원리는 주 전원이 정상일 때 주 전원에서 부하에 직접 전원을 공급하는 것입니다. 주 전원이 낮거나 높을 때 UPS 내부 안정화 회로 및 출력에 의해 안정화됩니다. 주 전원이 비정상적이거나 전원이 차단되면 변환 스위치를 통해 배터리 인버터 전원 공급 장치로 변환됩니다. 넓은 입력 전압 범위, 낮은 소음, 작은 크기 등이 특징이지만 전환 시간도 있습니다. 그러나 일반 백업 UPS에 비해 이 모델은 보호 기능이 강하며 인버터 출력 전압 파형이 더 좋습니다. 일반적으로 사인파입니다.

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